Srebrenica: Srpsko Siroče na Majčinom Grobu

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Autor: Daniel Toljaga

Ni Joseph Goebbels ne bi ostao ravnodušan silnim izmšljotinama i propagandnim aktivnostima kojima je beogradsko i paljansko rukovodstvo trovalo Srbe za vrijeme stvaranja Republike Srpske. Počevši od izmišljotina da je Naser Orić pobio 3.500 Srba oko Srebrenice, da su Bošnjaci u opkoljenom Sarajevu hranili lavove u Zoološkom vrtu srpskom djecom, da su Bošnjaci sami sebe granatirali u Sarajevu kako bi optužili Srbe, pa sve do zloupotrebe nauke i umjetnosti i negiranja sistematske kampanje etničkog čišćenja, ova vrsta prljave ratne propagande podsticala je široke slojeve srpskog stanovništva da putem ksenofobije, bošnjakofobije, islamofobije i drugih oblika netrpeljivosti, predrasuda i morbidne mržnje, opravdavaju i učestvuju u teškim ratnim zločinima koji su kulminirali genocidom.

“Genetički Deformiran Materijal”

Mada srpski narod nije ni bolji ni lošiji od ijednog drugog, utjecaj radikalne ultra-nacionalističke propagande u srbijanskim medijima, potom islamofobična učenja Srpske pravoslavne crkve, te neobjektivna i emocionalno nastrojena interpretacija istorije, dovela je do toga da veliki broj Srba smatraju nesrbe koji žive u njihovom okruženju inferiornim. Utjecajem mitova i predrasuda, većina Srba i danas gledaju na Bošnjake kao ‘poturčene Srbe’. Rezultat ovakvog razmišljanja je indoktrinacija djece u srpskim školama putem pseudo-historijskih argumenata o srpskoj etničkoj ‘superiornosti’ (npr . da je Bosna istorijski ‘srpska zemlja’ i da su Srbi katastarski posjedovali 64 posto BiH prije rata), vječnoj ‘nevinosti’ (Srbi su u svim periodima istorije bili pravednici i žrtve, ali nikada zločinci) i ‘rasnoj’ čistoći (muslimanski živalj smatraju doseljenicima ili izdajicama koje su ostavile časni krst za komad pogače). Naučni mozgovi Republike Srpske, poput nekadašnje profesorice biologije Biljane Plavšić, uvjeravali su srpsku javnost da Bošnjaci nisu ljudska bića, nego genetski defekti. Tako Prof. Plavšić objašnjava:

Letter to the ICTY: Factual Errors on Hague Tribunal’s Interactive Map of Cases

To the ICTY Press Office
To the Office of the Prosecutor

The judicial findings of the Hague Tribunal are not definite and not all-encompassing. A large number of war crimes committed against the Bosniak population of the Srebrenica region — especially in a period between April 1992 and April 1993 — were never prosecuted by your office.

For example, the First Srebrenica Massacre (18 April–8 May 1992) — after the first fall of Srebrenica, Serb forces killed a total of 74 Bosniak women, children and elderly; the Sase detention camp (1992/93) — hundreds of Bosniak women, children and elderly were detained in this camp and subjected to rape and cruel treatment by Serb forces controlling this part of the war-time municipality; the Srebrenica Children Massacre (12 April 1993) — at least 60 Bosniak children and youth were killed and over 100 wounded as a result in a Serb shelling of Srebrenica’s elementary school. According to the Research and Documentation Center in Sarajevo, between April and June 1992 (the first three months of the Bosnian war) Serb forces killed at least at least 3,166 Bosniaks in Srebrenica and surrounding pre-war municipalities of Bratunac, Vlasenica, Rogatica and Visegrad.

I understand, you have to work with a limited number of factual events that were established by the Tribunal for the period of the siege and up to the demilitarization of the enclave  (April 1992 – April 1993); in other words, you must stick only to the facts that were established by the Tribunal. But even if we limit our facts only to Tribunal’s findings, the “The Interactive Map of Cases” on your web site still provides inaccurate and  misleading information for the municipalities of Bratunac and Srebrenica. I kindly ask you to update your content in alliance with established facts.  

In Memoriam: Judge Cassese (and Bosnian Genocide Case)

“Would it make any sense to ask Jewish victims to produce a document in which Nazi Germany explicitly ordered the Holocaust? Of course not. And yet, the International Court of Justice expected Bosnia to do the impossible — to produce a document in which Serbia explicitly ordered the Genocide. Does this make any sense?” – Daniel Toljaga

“Why was it not enough to prove that the Bosnian Serb military leadership was financed and paid by Serbia and that it was tightly connected to Serbia’s political and military leadership?” – Judge Antonio Cassese

Author: Daniel Toljaga

Distinguished Italian jurist, whose leadership of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) helped propel forward the Bosnian Genocide trials, died October 22nd at his home in Florence. Judge Antonio Cassese, 74, was the first president of the ICTY. He will be remembered as a man of utmost integrity and a man who spoke the truth. 

May he rest in peace. His leadership of the International Criminal Tribunal has ensured the accountability for the most serious violations of the international humanitarian law.

The Washington Post describes him as “a prolific academic writer and professor for several decades at the University of Florence, where he established a reputation as a top scholar of international law.” The same source notes that “In 1996, a New York Times reporter overheard him explode in frustration about Serbian leaders’ failure to cooperate with the tribunal and the message their intransigence sent to other dictators. ‘Go ahead! Kill, torture, maim! Commit acts of genocide!’ he shouted in a court hallway. ‘You may enjoy impunity!’

In 2007, Judge Cassese sharply criticized the controversial judgement of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) which pronounced that genocide had been committed at Srebrenica, but exonerated Serbia from direct responsibility for the annihilation of 8,000 Bosniak boys and men of this beleaguered, UN-protected, “safe haven” (holding, instead, that it ‘merely’ failed to prevent genocide).

The judicial standard of proof was unreasonable, to say the least. Would it make any sense to ask Jewish victims to produce a document in which Nazi Germany explicitly ordered the Holocaust? Of course not. And yet, the International Court of Justice expected Bosnia to do the impossible — to produce a document in which Serbia explicitly ordered the Genocide. Does this make any sense?

Protesting in the  Guardian on 27 February 2007 (the day after the ICJ pronounced its verdict), Judge Cassese argued that the judgment was seriously flawed, questioning its logic:

Masakr u Suhoj 1992: Jedan od Razloga za Napad Nasera Orića na Kravicu 1993

Dana 10. maja 1992 — više od tri godine prije julskog genocida u Srebrenici, osam mjeseci prije Naser Orićevog kontra-napada na srpsko selo Kravica i u prvim danima rata na ovim prostorima — Srbi iz sela Kravice su uz pomoć Jugoslovenske narodne armije (JNA ) i lokalnih srpskih snaga učestvovali u masakru nad bošnjačkim civilima (ženama, djeci i starcima) u bošnjačkom selu Suha u obližnjoj opštini Bratunac, odmah do Srebrenice. Mlade žene i djevojke su seksualno zlostavljali, a potom su ubili 38 nenaoružanih bošnjačkih stanovnika. Njihova tijela su bacili u lokalnu masovnu grobnicu. Među 38 ekshumirana leša, bilo je devetoro djece u dobi od 3 mjeseca do 11 godina starosti, nekoliko žena, te stariji muškarci. Jedna od žrtava, Zekira Begić-Hrustanbašić, je bila u 9-mjesecu trudnoće.

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The 1992 Suha Massacre: One of Reasons Why Naser Orić Attacked Kravica in 1993

On 10 May 1992 — more than three years before the July 1995 Srebrenica genocide, eight months before Naser Orić’s counter-attack on the Serb village of Kravica and in the first days of the Bosnian war — Serbs from the village of Kravice, with the help of the Yugoslav Peoples Army (JNA) and other Serb forces in the region, participated in the massacre of Bosniak civilians in the Bosnian Muslim village of Suha in the municipality of Bratunac, adjacent to Srebrenica. They sexually tortured young women and girls and then killed 38 unarmed Bosniak residents. They dumped their bodies in a local mass grave. Among the 38 exhumed remains were those of nine children ranging in age from 3 months to 11 years, several women and mostly elderly men. One of the victims was the 9-months pregnant Zekira Begić-Hrustanbašić.

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Krah Mita o Srpsko-Jevrejskom Prijateljstvu

Slijedi članak mr. sci. Marjana Hajnala objavljen uz njegovu autorizaciju. Autor živi i radi u Izraelu i veliki je prijatelj Bosne i Hercegovine u kojoj se i rodio. — Daniel Toljaga

Krah Mita o Srpsko-Jevrejskom Prijateljstvu

mr. sci. Marjan Hajnal

mr. sci. Marjan Hajnal
Bat-Yam, Israel

Budući da Jevreji pažljivo njeguju dugo i precizno sjećanje na egzoduse svojih predaka, stradanja, sva povijesna lutanja kroz lavirinte ispunjene usponima i padovima uslovljenim vlastitim zabludama i nepredvidljivim usudom, nema nikakve sumnje da bi duhovni i politički predstavnici tog drevnog naroda morali povesti računa o tome s kim i kakvim legitimitetom u njegovo ime pojedinci uspostavljaju pseudo-diplomatske kontakte, tačnije, s kakvom namjerom ih neko pokušava uvjeriti da im je prijatelj. Ako je već riječ o „prijateljstvu“, Jevreji Srbije bi se trebali zapitati ko i šta ih uvodi u to što jednoj strani, u ovom slučaju srpskoj, odgovara da se tako nazove: „srpsko-jevrejskim prijateljstvom“.

Cilj ove analize je da se otkrije mračna suština i ideološka pozadina nastanka mita o tom prijateljstvu i da se kao takav spusti na realno tlo, adaktira u arhiv zaborava kao dio jedne preživljene simbioze beščašća. U prilog tezi o mitu idu rezultati „prijateljstva“. Svi su negativni. Posebno po Jevreje. Koliko je to prijateljstvo zapravo ne-prijateljstvo vidi se iz sljedećih „dosega“ lažne srpske ljubavi:

Matt Damon: Documentary on Systematic Rape of Bosnian Muslim Women & Girls

As a survivor of war, words cannot express my gratitude toward everyone who was involved in the making of the “Women, War & Peace” DVD, especially toward the Academy-Award-winning actor, screenwriter and philanthropist Matt Damon.  – Daniel Toljaga

Author: Daniel Toljaga

Throughout long, difficult, strenuous history of the Bosniak people, they were subjected to racist, state-imposed, and often violent denials of their identity, their uniqueness, their culture, and even their language: the Bosnian language; the very language that produced the first printed dictionary of its vocabulary nearly 200 years before the first printed dictionary of the Serbian language.

The denial, prejudice, supremacism: they are all seeds of evil, for they evolve, they expand, and if left unchecked, when they ripen, they flourish, overgrow, and unleash the violence of unimaginable proportions. They can turn seemingly good men — everyday husbands, fathers, neighbors  – into psychopathic rapists, ferocious tormentors, maniacal monsters, and mass murderers. It already happened in Bosnia.

Srebrenička Enklava (1993): Masakr Djece i Omladine

Srebrenica nikada nije bila sigurna. Tijekom čitave opsade Srebrenice (maja 1992 – jula 1995), srpske snage stacionirane u obližnjim do-zuba-naoružanim srpskim selima (Kravica, Ježestica, Šiljkovići, itd.), često su napadale bošnjačka sela i srebreničku enklavu. U isto vrijeme, srpske snage su sprečavale ulaske humanitarne pomoći u opkoljenu enklavu, “zbog toga je vladala stalna oskudica hrane, a gladovanje je doseglo vrhunac u zimi 1992./1993. Mnogo ljudi je pomrlo ili su zbog neuhranjenosti bili ekstremno mršavi.” (izvor: presuda Oriću, par. 110). U zimu 1993, oko 5.000 Bošnjaka, uključujući 2.000 djece “umrlo je od gladi i hladnoće” u šest opkoljenih enklava, uključujući Srebrenicu i Žepu. (izvor: Keys, Laurinda. 25 Feb. 1993.”US Preparations for Bosnia Airdrop Gaining Intensity,” Kentucky New Era, p.5A) Potom, aprila 1993., dvije godine prije masakra u Srebrenici, srpske snage pod zapovjedništvom Gen. Ratka Mladića, počinile su masakr nad omladinom i djecom u osnovnoj školi u Srebrenici (ovaj događaj je svjetskoj javnosti poznat kao Srebrenica Children Massacre). Slijedi originalan novinski izvještaj o masakru:

Katastrofa u Srebrenici: “Oni sada mogu biti transportovani kao stoka ili zaklani kao ovce.”

Pokolj bespomoćnih izbjeglica potresa službenike UN-a za pomoć

By John Daniszewski
Associated Press Writer
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, p.A4
14 April 1993.
* Prijevod na bosanski jezik: Daniel Toljaga
| ENGLISH | 

SARAJEVO, Bosna i Hercegovina — Srpsko granatiranje žena i djece u Srebrenici je razbjesnilo međunarodne službenike za pomoć, koji pozivaju veći angažman UN-a kako bi se spriječio dalji pokolj.

Omarska: Gdje su se Mnogi Molili da Umru

Vrlo uznemiravajući novinski članak objavljen u Toledo Blade – na vrhuncu bosanskog genocida u decembru 1992. godine – detaljira okorjelost i brutalnosti koncentracionog logora Omarska. Da se Omarska ne zaboravi, skenirao sam, otipkao, preveo i objavio ovaj članak na svom blogu. Molim pročitajte. — Daniel Toljaga

Svjedoci se govore o mučenjima u koncentracionom logoru Omarska:

“Vidio [je] pet muškaraca svezanih oko kamionske gume. Guma je potom bila zapaljena, a muškarci živi spaljeni. Drugi čovjek je imao eksere ukucane u rukama, ramenima i koljenima; on je kasnije bio posut benzinom i bačen na spaljenu kamionsku gumu; i on je živ izgorio u plamenu vatre. Kroz prljavi prozor, potajno je gledao ubistva mnogih ljudi.vidio još jednog čovjeka kako leži na zemlji. Stražari su ga tukli, gazili po njemu, lomeći mu ruke i prste. Onda su naveli tog čovjeka na skine svoje hlače i prisilili drugog zatvorenika da mu odgrize testise. Taj drugi zatvorenik je bio Emin Jakupović, 21, izbjeglica koja je upravo stigla u Karlovac. On nije odgrizao testise samo jednom čovjeku, nego petorici.”

Gdje su se Mnogi Molili da Umru

By Roddy RayToledo Blade, p. Front, 4. Col 1.
Knight News Service
20 December 1992.
* Prijevod na bosanski jezik: Daniel Toljaga
| ENGLISH | 

KARLOVAC, Hrvatska — Sead Todorović, po struci mehaničar, preživio je. U četvrtak se ponovo ujedinio sa svojom kćerkom, bebom po imenu Arijana, koju je zadnji put vidio prije sedam mjeseci, kada je bila samo 14 dana starosti, a njegova žena pobjegla sa njom da traži spas u brdima.

Tijekom ovih sedam mjeseci, dok je njegova kći dobijala nove zubiće i okrivala čudnovati, često predivan svijet, gospodin Todorović je upoznavao koliki kapacitet taj isti svijet ima za zlo.

G. Todorović, 24, bošnjački izbjeglica iz rata u Bosni i Hercegovini, kaže da je vidio mnoge zatvorenike maljevima pretučene na smrt od strane srpskih zarobljivača. Druge su udarali električnim kablovima dok ne izdahnu. On je vidio mršava tijela ljudi koji su mučeni do smrti, a potom natovareni buldožerima u kamione. On je vidio i mnogo strašnije stvari.

Responses to my Questions from ICTY’s Press Office

Here is a response I’ve just received from the Press Office of the International Criminal Tribunal at the Hague. Responding to their invitation, I submitted three questions on August 29th hoping they would be answered during their scheduled Weekly Press Briefing held on August 31st., but no answers were provided at that time or during subsequent Press Briefings. Instead, I received an e-mail reply today from ICTY’s Press Office with answers to the second and third question; the first question is still pending response.

Dear Daniel Toljaga,

The first of your three questions has been forwarded to the Office of the Prosecutor for a response.

In answer to your second question, relating to a section of the Tribunal’s website:

- The “Interactive map” is not an official record of the Tribunal’s findings as explained in the disclaimer. It is an interactive tool intended to provide the briefest of summaries about more than 90 crime scenes throughout the former Yugoslavia and the crimes that occurred there. While we are aware of the fact that the information presented there will necessarily be in summary form, we took care to ensure that the information provided conforms to the ICTY’s legal findings. In that respect, we are satisfied that the information on Srebrenica, if not all encompassing, is correct. For those wishing to know more, the links provided below the main text should offer a wealth of information, including all the information you mention in your email. This said, we are in the process of revising and updating the content offered through this map and we assure you that your comments will be considered in that process.